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V2Ray的安装配置与资源
v2ray 的安装与使用
v2ray配置文件路径：/etc/v2ray/config.json
注意事项：reboot后，v2ray的配置文件的信息会被丢失，需要重新添加inbound，然后重启v2ray服务即可。
关键词：v2ray+ws+tls+CDN
文档
各类V2Ray客户端
V2ray资源
节点订阅地址：
Telegrame资源群：
其他资源：
- 每12h自动更新 https://view.freev2ray.org/
- 2021起，开始推荐使用xray：XRay 安装配置与资源
Linux 支持 ipv6 网络
如果默认的网络环境不支持ipv6（只支持ipv4），
概要：通过 https://www.tunnelbroker.net 建立tunnel隧道，使得linux能够支持ipv6网络
创建隧道
- 创建通道“Create Regular Tunnel”
- 填写VPS的公网 IP 地址。填写IP时出现“IP is a potential tunnel endpoint.”说明可以添加ipv6隧道。
- 选择隧道节点，点击Create Tunnel创建。
- 关于隧道节点的选择，大家可以在自己的云服务器上分别ping一下提供的IP，选时延低的。
- 创建IPv6隧道及路由:
- 到下一页面切换到Example configurations选项卡，
- 下拉菜单选择Debian/Ubuntu，
- 复制出现的内容。类似下面的代码
auto he-ipv6
iface he-ipv6 inet6 v4tunnel
address xxxx:xxx:xxxx:xxx::x
netmask 64
endpoint xxx.xxx.xxx.xx
local xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
ttl 255
gateway xxxx:xxx:xxxx:xxx::x
在主机中添加ipv6隧道
修改
编辑文件，将刚才复制的内容粘贴进去。
vim /etc/network/interfaces
auto he-ipv6
iface he-ipv6 inet6 v4tunnel
address xxxx:xxx:xxxx:xxx::x
netmask 64
endpoint xxx.xxx.xxx.xx
local xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
ttl 255
gateway xxxx:xxx:xxxx:xxx::x
添加DNS
vim /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base
加入以下内容
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8844 nameserver 2001:470:20::2
保存后，执行以下命令
resolvconf -u
重启网络
service networking restart
或者重启主机
reboot
然后，执行
ifconfig
应该可以看到 he-ipv6 网卡
没有的话，执行
ifup he-ipv6
检测
接着连通测试
ping6 -c 5 2001:4860:4860::8888 ping6 -c 5 ipv6.google.com
Ping通了，说明网络已连通，能正常解析域名，说明DNS也正常。
其他IPv6 测试工具：
如何确定目前连接的方式为 IPv4 还是 IPv6？打开 https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=what+is+my+ip ，如果显示的您的 IP 地址为 IPv6 格式说明您是以 IPv6 的形式接入的，否则为 IPv4 形式。
Hosts
如果需要指定域名通过IPv6 访问，修改Hosts文件即可。
vi /etc/hosts
如强制使用IPV6访问谷歌，也非常简单，在/etc/hosts里添加
# Google 2607:f8b0:4005:811::200e google.com 2607:f8b0:4005:80c::2004 www.google.com # Google Scholar 2607:f8b0:4005:80a::200e scholar.google.cn 2607:f8b0:4005:80a::200e scholar.google.com 2607:f8b0:4005:80a::200e scholar.google.com.hk 2607:f8b0:4005:80a::200e scholar.google.com.sg 2607:f8b0:4005:80a::200e scholar.google.com.tw 2607:f8b0:4005:80a::200e scholar.google.com.uk 2607:f8b0:4005:80a::200e scholar.l.google.com
Linux刷新dns的缓存方法是：
sudo /etc/init.d/nscd restart
如果发现提示命令找不到：sudo: /etc/init.d/nscd: command not found
需要先安装nscd包：
sudo apt-get install nscd
最暴力的方法刷dns，重启网络：
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
查询可用的ip地址
参考：
运行 resolvconf -u 出现以下信息
/etc/resolvconf/update.d/libc: Warning: /etc/resolv.conf is not a symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf
解决办法：
sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf sudo ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf sudo resolvconf -u
无法使用ifconfig时，尝试运行以下命令
sudo apt install net-tools
vim 编辑器
常用配置
在用户目录下，新建文件.vimrc（如果没有特殊说明,都是默认配置在~/.vimrc文件中），将以下代码copy进去，保存即可生效
注意：vim 8.0 会默认新建一个 ~/.viminfo
set nocompatible " 关闭 vi 兼容模式
syntax on " 自动语法高亮
" colorscheme molokai " 设定配色方案
set number " 显示行号
set cursorline " 突出显示当前行
set ruler " 打开状态栏标尺
set shiftwidth=4 " 设定 << 和 >> 命令移动时的宽度为 4
set softtabstop=4 " 使得按退格键时可以一次删掉 4 个空格
set tabstop=4 " 设定 tab 长度为 4
set nobackup " 覆盖文件时不备份
set autochdir " 自动切换当前目录为当前文件所在的目录
filetype plugin indent on " 开启插件
set backupcopy=yes " 设置备份时的行为为覆盖
set ignorecase smartcase " 搜索时忽略大小写，但在有一个或以上大写字母时仍保持对大小写敏感
set nowrapscan " 禁止在搜索到文件两端时重新搜索
set incsearch " 输入搜索内容时就显示搜索结果
set hlsearch " 搜索时高亮显示被找到的文本
set noerrorbells " 关闭错误信息响铃
set novisualbell " 关闭使用可视响铃代替呼叫
set t_vb= " 置空错误铃声的终端代码
" set showmatch " 插入括号时，短暂地跳转到匹配的对应括号
" set matchtime=2 " 短暂跳转到匹配括号的时间
set magic " 设置魔术
set hidden " 允许在有未保存的修改时切换缓冲区，此时的修改由 vim 负责保存
set guioptions-=T " 隐藏工具栏
set guioptions-=m " 隐藏菜单栏
set smartindent " 开启新行时使用智能自动缩进
set backspace=indent,eol,start
" 不设定在插入状态无法用退格键和 Delete 键删除回车符
set cmdheight=1 " 设定命令行的行数为 1
set laststatus=2 " 显示状态栏 (默认值为 1, 无法显示状态栏)
set statusline=\ %<%F[%1*%M%*%n%R%H]%=\ %y\ %0(%{&fileformat}\ %{&encoding}\ %c:%l/%L%)\
" 设置在状态行显示的信息
set foldenable " 开始折叠
set foldmethod=syntax " 设置语法折叠
set foldcolumn=0 " 设置折叠区域的宽度
setlocal foldlevel=1 " 设置折叠层数为
" set foldclose=all " 设置为自动关闭折叠
" 用空格键来开关折叠
" nnoremap <space> @=((foldclosed(line('.')) < 0) ? 'zc' : 'zo')<CR>
" 配置多语言环境
" if has("multi_byte")
" UTF-8 编码
set encoding=utf-8
set termencoding=utf-8
set formatoptions+=mM
set fencs=utf-8,gbk
" 选中状态下 Ctrl+c 复制
vmap <C-c> "+y
参考
软件管理：安装/卸载/进程/软件源
软件的安装与卸载
以nginx为例
安装软件
sudo apt-get install nginx
重置软件
sudo apt-get -o DPkg::options::=--force-confmiss --reinstall install nginx-common
查看已安装的相关软件
dpkg --get-selections | grep nginx
移除/卸载软件
sudo apt-get remove nginx
完全移除软件
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove nginx
删除软件的方法（2）
查看已安装软件
sudo dpkg --list|grep mysql
删除软件（可使用通配符）
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge mysql*
清理残留的数据
dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |sudo xargs dpkg -P
示例：卸载docker
在Ubuntu 20.04下卸载Docker在
卸载Docker之前，最好删除所有容器、映像、卷和网络。
运行以下命令以停止所有正在运行的容器并删除所有docker对象：
docker container stop $(docker container ls -aq) docker system prune -a --volumes
现在，可以像使用apt安装的任何其他软件包一样卸载Docker：
sudo apt purge docker-ce sudo apt autoremove
至此，卸载Docker完成。
查询相关软件包
dpkg -l | grep docker
删除这个包
sudo apt remove --purge docker.io
进程管理
查询正在运行的进程
ps -ef
显示整颗进程树
pstree
查询进程名中含有testprocess的进程（方法1）
pgrep -l testprocess
查询进程名中含有testprocess的进程（方法2）
ps -e | grep testprocess
查看占用端口的进程
lsof -i:80
杀死指定PID的进程 (PID为Process ID)
kill PID
查看系统中使用CPU、使用内存最多的进程；
top
参考：
软件源、软件包
啥是 Linux 包管理器，为啥我的用不了？
- Linux 的常用包管理器 apt rpm yum 安装系统时是没有的，需要自己安装，就类似 windows 里面的添加/删除程序
- Ubuntu 默认的包管理器为 apt，而 rpm，yum 是 Redhat 的软件包管理器
- Ubuntu 绝大多数用 apt 就够了，当然也可以用 rpm yum 包管理器
1.安装 rpm
apt install rpm
2.安装 yum
apt install yum
5.怎么查看 apt 管理的所有包，使用命令:
apt list
怎么查看 apt 所有已经安装的包，使用命令：
apt list --installed
示例：Dokuwiki 网站在 Nginx & PHP7.0 环境下的配置
Nginx 配置文件： /etc/nginx/sites-available/xxx.com
功能：
- 开启php功能
- 开启rewrite功能
- www.example.com 自动重定向到 example.com
server {
server_name example.com;
listen 80;
autoindex off;
client_max_body_size 15M;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
index index.html index.htm index.php doku.php;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/example.com/access.log;
#error_log /var/log/nginx/example.com/error.log;
root /var/www/example.com;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ @dokuwiki;
if (!-f $request_filename)
{
rewrite ^(/)(.*)?(.*) $1doku.php?id=$2&$3 last;
rewrite ^(/)$ $1doku.php last;
}
}
location @dokuwiki {
rewrite ^(/)_media/(.*) $1lib/exe/fetch.php?media=$2 last;
rewrite ^(/)_detail/(.*) $1lib/exe/detail.php?media=$2 last;
rewrite ^(/)_export/([^/]+)/(.*) $1doku.php?do=export_$2&id=$3 last;
}
location ~ ^/lib.*\.(gif|png|ico|jpg)$ {
expires 30d;
}
location = /robots.txt { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
location ~ /\. { access_log off; log_not_found off; deny all; }
location ~ ~$ { access_log off; log_not_found off; deny all; }
location ~ \.php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
}
location ~ /(data|conf|bin|inc)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.example.com;
return 301 http://example.com$request_uri;
}
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